Answer to Quiz

Answers to Quiz:

Question 1: The Greater Moncton Sewerage Commission provides ONLY Primary Treatment for the Tri-Communities.

http://www.gmsc.nb.ca/english/home/index.cfm?id=5

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“Primary treatment can remove as much as 60% of solids from wastewater. In Greater Moncton, that amounts to about 15,000 tons per year.”

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Definition of Primary Treatment:

http://tinyurl.com/ya3eako

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Primary Treatment
The simplest, and least effective, method of treatment is to allow the undissolved solids in raw sewage to settle out of suspension forming sludge. Such primary treatment removes only one-third of the BOD and virtually none of the dissolved minerals.
Attempts to use digested sludge as a fertilizer have been hampered by its frequent contamination by toxic chemicals derived from industrial wastes.

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Question 2: Sewage Lagoons in New Brunswick are required by Provincial Regulations to meet a minimum of Secondary Treatments. Lagoons in general offer better environmental protection than Primary Sewage Treatment Plants.

http://tinyurl.com/ychz2ma

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Lagoon-based treatment systems also achieve natural disinfection. E. Coli
destruction efficiencies of 99.99 percent have been reported in lagoons (Feachem et al., 1983). Disinfection is achieved through a combination of natural ultraviolet irradiation, temperature, adsorption to solids, settling, and predatory organisms.

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Question 3: Unfortunately leachate collected from the Westmorland-Albert Solid Waste Facility is piped to the Greater Moncton’s Primary Sewage Treatment plant discharges into the Petitcodiac River.

http://www.recyclenb.ca/westmorland_albert.htm

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“landfill leachate is collected and treated by aeration in the on-site leachate treatment pond. Once the primary treatment process is complete, it is sent to the Greater Moncton Waste Water Treatment Plant for further treatment.”

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Question 4: The purpose of constructing the causeway was to replace a system of century old deteriorating Acadien Dykes to protect fertile agricultural land from tidal flooding. In addition the causeway provided a transportation link, recreations/municipal waters supply and prevented spring time flooding downstream of the structure.

http://www.lappa.ca/content/230452

http://www.thefreedictionary.com/causeway

Definition of a causeway:

“causeway
n causeway [ˈkoːzwei]
a raised pathway, road etc over wet ground or shallow water.”

http://www.gnb.ca/0009/0377/0002/0017-e.pdf

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“The Petitcodiac River Causeway is a gated dam structure with a vertical slot fishway. Completed in 1968, it was built across the Petitcodiac River between Moncton and Riverview to create a second transportation link between the communities, to offer flood protection for farmland, and to create a freshwater headpond.”

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Question 5: Sea-run trout are often captured upstream of the causeway and weaker swimmers such as gaspereau and smelt spawn upstream from the structure. Making the argument that if there were any endangered Atlantic salmon willing to swim past the sewage pumped into the Petitcodiac 5km downstream from the causeway and then swim past the the abandoned dumps they should have no trouble navigating the structure.

http://tinyurl.com/yagc3kk

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“We confirmed only five diadromous taxa still spawning above the causeway: rainbow smelt, alewife, blueback herring (Alosa aestivalis [Mitchill]), fourspined stickleback (Apeltes quadracus [Mitchill]) and sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus L.). Planktonic egg and larval numbers of smelt and Alosa sp. were low compared to other New Brunswick estuaries without causeways. Juvenile Alosa use the impoundment and tributaries as nursery areas, but we have not collected smelt beyond the larval stage. Sea lamprey ammocoetes are present in tributaries that have sandy substrate.”

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Question 6: Lake Petitcodiac extends over 20km in length from the causeway upstream to Salisbury. There is over 80km of shoreline around the impoundment, or Lake Petitcodiac which will be impacted by opening the causeway.


Question 7: Answers can be found on this site www.lappa.ca or the Tri-community marina website:
http://sites.google.com/site/ourmarina/basstournament